Parshas Pikudei - Saving the beis ha'mikdash from ayin hara
The passuk says in this week’s sedrah (38:21)
אֵלֶּה פְקוּדֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן
מִשְׁכַּן הָעֵדֻת אֲשֶׁר פֻּקַּד עַל פִּי מֹשֶׁה עֲבֹדַת הַלְוִיִּם בְּיַד אִיתָמָר
בֶּן אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֵן
These are the records of
the mishkan, the mishkan of the testimony, which were listed according
to Moshe’s instructions — the work of the Leviim was under the direction of
Itamar the son of Aharon the cohen.
Rashi explains
המשכן משכן - שני פעמים רמז
למקדש שנתמשכן בשני חורבנין על עונותיהן של ישראל
The passuk repeats the word משכן to hint to the beis ha’mikdash which was taken as a mashkon (a pledged asset for a loan) when it was
destroyed twice because of the aveiros of the benei yisrael.
- Why does the passuk allude to the beis ha’mikdash being taken as a pledge specifically in the sedrah of Pekudei and not in any of the previous sedros that discuss the building of the mishkan?
The Gur Aryeh explains as follows:
ואם תאמר, ומאי ענינו
לכאן לכתוב זה כאן, ולמה לא כתב זה בכל הפרשה שקדמה, אמנם דבר זה הוא מופלא בחכמה,
וזה ידוע ממה שנשתברו הלוחות מפני שניתנו בפומבי ושלט בהם עין הרע, ומפני שכאן
כתיב "אלה פקודי המשכן" שנמנו כל המשכן, ומפני כך שלט בהם עין הרע, שכל
דבר שבמנין עין הרע שולט בו, ומפני שהיה מנין לכל דבר שבמשכן, שלט עין הרע בזה.
וכן בית המקדש, כל דבר שהיה במקדש היה בו מנין כאשר נכתב בפירוש, וכל מקום שיש
מנין עין הרע שולט בו.
The first luchos were broken because they were given publicly, so
there was an עין הרע on them.
Similarly here, because all the parts of the mishkan were counted, there
was an עין הרע on the mishkan.
The items in the beis ha’mikdash were also counted (for the first beis
ha’mikdash, see מלאכים א', פרק ו' – ז', for the
second beis ha’mikdash see עזרא פרק ח'), and therefore there was an עין הרע on the beis ha’mikdash also, which led to its
destruction.
- If counting leads to an עין הרע, why were the items in the beis ha’mikdash counted (i.e.
just as the second luchos were given in a quiet manner, in order to
avoid the עין הרע that caused
the destruction of the first luchos, so too the items in the beis
ha’mikdash should not have been counted, in order to avoid the עין הרע that befell
the mishkan)?
The Michtav Me’eliyahu answers as follows:
The passuk says in Yechezkel (46:9)
וּבְבוֹא עַם הָאָרֶץ לִפְנֵי
ה' בַּמּוֹעֲדִים הַבָּא דֶּרֶךְ שַׁעַר צָפוֹן לְהִשְׁתַּחֲוֹת יֵצֵא דֶּרֶךְ שַׁעַר
נֶגֶב וְהַבָּא דֶּרֶךְ שַׁעַר נֶגֶב יֵצֵא דֶּרֶךְ שַׁעַר צָפוֹנָה לֹא יָשׁוּב דֶּרֶךְ
הַשַּׁעַר אֲשֶׁר בָּא בוֹ כִּי נִכְחוֹ יֵצֵא
And when the people come before Hashem on Yom Tov, someone who comes in
through the northern gate to bow, should exit through the southern gate, and
someone who comes through the southern gate should exit through the northern
gate. He should not exit through the gate whereby he entered, rather he should
take the opposite exit.
Reb Yaakov Emden explains (פרקי אבות, פרק א', משנה ד')
כי הקפיד השי"ת שלא
יראה השער ב' פעמים, פן ישוה בעיניו לשער ביתו וקירות הבית לקירותיו וכו', וזה היה
עון העגל שהיה האהל בתוכם עד שמאסו בו ואמרו עשה לנו אלהים, ומשה רבינו ע"ה
הרגיש בזה ונטה את האהל מחוץ למחנה הרחק מן המחנה.
Hashem was particular that he should not see the same gate twice, lest the
person draw a similarity between the gates in the beis ha’mikdash and
the gates in his house, and between the beams in the beis ha’mikdash and
the beams in his house. And this caused the chet of the egel ha’zahav,
because the ohel mo’ed became overly familiar to them until they were
sick of it, and so they said, “Make us a god.” For this reason, Moshe moved his
tent to outside of the camp.
Similarly, The Michtav Me’Eliyahu explains that the reason that the items
in the mishkan and in the beis ha’mikdash were enumerated, was in
order to impress on the benei yisrael that the impressive entirety of
the mishkan and of the beis ha’mikdash was different and greater
than the ordinary circumstances within which they lived. This was necessary in
order to preclude the benei yisrael forming the familiarity with the mishkan
and with the beis ha’mikdash that had led to the chet ha’egel.
However, as the Zera Kodesh (Parshas Va’yetze) explains, it is exactly this
astonishment that can lead to an עין הרע.
כי עין הרע בא מזה כאשר
אדם רואה איזו דבר נאה או איזה גדולה בממון או בבנים או בגבורה או בכל מעלה והוא
מתמיה מאוד על מעלתו של זה, אע"פ שמתמיה באהבה זה לזה אעפ״כ גורם רעה בזה
שמתמיה, שהוא מפריד הדבר משורשו, כי אלו היה הרואה חכם ודבוק בהש״י לא היה מתמיה
כלל, כי מה שייך לתמוה על מדת תפארתו של הקב״ה כביכול, כי זה שהוא רואה הוא לתפארת
ה׳
An עין הרע comes when a person sees something beautiful or greatness in
money or in children or in strength or in any virtue and he is very astonished
at this virtue. Even if his astonishment is well meant nevertheless he causes
evil with his astonishment, because he separates the thing from its source.
Because if the person who saw the great virtue was a chacham and close
to Hashem he would never be astonished, because how is it possible to be
astonished on the glory of Hashem because this which he sees is a reflection of
the glory of Hashem.
Preventing the chet ha’egel
from occurring again required that the benei yisrael should be impressed
through the enumeration of the items in the mishkan, but it was exactly
the creation of this great impression that led to the עין הרע that
destroyed the mishkan and the beis ha’mikdash.
Not until klal yisrael
achieve a complete kapparah for the chet ha’egel will it be
possible for the third beis ha’mikdash, which will not attract an עין הרע despite its
impressive stature, to be built and to last forever.
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